Candle enthusiasts may be drawn to soy or beeswax candles as eco-friendly alternatives to traditional paraffin wax varieties. But do traditional candles pose health risks, and how do the "healthier" or "non-toxic" options compare?

The safety concerns with candles stem from chemical reactions during burning and synthetic fragrances and dyes that contribute to their scents. Paraffin, derived from petroleum refining, is the most common candle wax globally. However, research on candle emissions and health impacts is scarce and inconclusive.

The Science Behind Candle Emissions

When paraffin candles burn, they release volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which vaporize into the air. VOCs like toluene, recognized as toxins by regulatory agencies, can cause neurological symptoms with prolonged exposure. Benzene, a carcinogen, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which include benzene and formaldehyde, are also emitted. Studies show that burning candles can degrade air quality and increase the risk of inhalational exposure to harmful chemicals.

Eco-Friendly Candles: A Healthier Option?

Soy wax, beeswax, and stearin candles are often seen as healthier, but they too release VOCs. The risk is higher with scented or colored candles, as artificial fragrances contain VOCs like phthalates, linked to various health issues. Even unscented candles can emit concerning toxin levels.

Lack of Regulation and Testing

The National Candle Association maintains that candles are safe for home use, but this is based on limited research. There is a significant lack of regulation on candles, with no requirements for complete labeling or third-party testing to verify claims.

Minimizing Health Risks

To minimize potential health risks, opt for 100% soy wax, beeswax, or stearin wax candles, and ensure the wick is made of cotton, wood, or synthetic materials without metal cores. Choose scented candles with essential oils or labeled phthalate-free, and avoid dyed candles. Keep candles covered when not in use, and burn them in well-ventilated areas to reduce indoor air pollution.

Conclusion

While there is no definitive conclusion on the health risks of paraffin candles, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that burning candles in the home could be harmful, especially for vulnerable individuals. It's crucial to optimize the air quality in our homes, where we spend most of our time.